Convertible motor and pump.



G. F. BUGKLAND.

CONVERTIBLE MOTOR AND PUMP. APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1912.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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G. F. BUGKLAND.

CONVERTIBLE MOTOR AND PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1912.

1,086,803. Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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CONVERTIBLE MOTOR AND PUMP.

. APPLIGATION FILED MAY 3, 1912. 1,086,803. Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 3.

. gFBmz/Wz i 26% W CHARLES FRANK BUCKLAND, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

CONVERTIBLE MOTOR AN D PUMP.

Application filed May 8, 1912.

Specification of Letters Patent.

rat-e ten Feb. 10,1914.

Serial No. 694,820.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES FRANK BCCKLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Convertible Motors and Pumps; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such. as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a' part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in convertible motors and pumps.

My improvement consists in a motor adapted to be operated by air taken from a pressure tank, the air being compressed in the tank by the reverse action of the starting motor. Provision is made for. connecting the motor shaft in operative relation with the engine shaft for starting purposes, and also for connecting the engine with the motor for compressing the air within the tank.

In my improved construction of motor, a rotary valve is mounted at the outer extremities of the cylinders whereby the latter are placed in communication with and cutoff from the supply of air under pressure at properly timed intervals in order to operate the pistons of the several cylinders in such succession as to give the best results, provision being made for automatically opening normally closed valves located in the hollow piston-heads of the cylinders, the valvesrcmaining closed during one stroke and open during the other stroke, the pitnien of the several pistons having lever-arms projecting beyond the connection of the pitn'ien with the pistons. whereby the pivot pins form fulcrums for levers composed of the pitmen and the extensionarms, which are arranged to alternately act upon and release the valves of the piston-heads.

When the motor is used for engine-starting purposes, the valves in the piston-heads remain closed during the inward movement of the pistons within their cylinders and are held open during their outward move ment for exhaust purposes, the exhaust being through openings in the crank-case. On the other hand. when the motor is used in Fig. 1.

compressor and its crank-shaft run in the reverse direction, the valves in the pistonheads remain open during the inward movement of the said heads to allow air to enter the cylinders, while the said valves are closed during the outward movement of the pistonheads, whereby the air which has entered the cylinders by way of the crank-case is driven out of the cylinders and into the airtank, a check-valve being employed in the conduit leading to the said tank.

Having briefly outlined my improved construction, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawing in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In this drawing Figure 1 is a top-plan view of my improved motor shown in connection and arranged in operative relation with an internal-combustion engine, the

various elements including the air-tank, being conveniently, located in accordance with a. possible arrangement upon the frame work of an automobile, or similar self-propelled vehicle. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through my improved motor, the parts being shown on a larger scale than This section is taken approximately on the line 2-2 Ijig. 1. i Fig. 3 is a section taken through the motor on the line Fig. 2, showing the piston of one of the cylinders at -its forward limit of movement. Fig. 4 is a section taken on the same line showing the piston at its outward limit of movement, or in the same position as the piston of the cylinder farthest to the right in Fig. 2.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

Let the numeral 5 designate my improved motor considered in its entirety, the same being composed of a number of cylinders 6, 7 and 8, in which are located hollow pistonheads 9, the cavities of the said heads being designated 10. The outer extremity of each of these heads is provided with an opening 12 which is normally closed by an outwardlyopening check-valve l3, equipped with a stem 14 passing through the hub 15 of a spider 16 located at the inner extremity of the opening in the piston-head and preferably cast integral therewith. The stem 1-1 of each valve extends inwardly into the cavity of the head beyond the hub 15'and terminates at its inner extremity in a disk 17, he-

tween which and the spider is located a spiral spring 18, which normally acts to hold the valve in its seated or closed position, the opening 12 of each piston-head being surrounded by a beveled wall to harmonize with the beveled edge of the valve 13.

Connected with the inner extremity 19 of each piston-head is a pitman 20, the outer extremity of the pitman having a hub 21 through which passes a pin 22 which is fast in the said head. Beyond the head 21 of the pitman and extending outwardly into the cavity 10 of the piston-head is an arm 23 having an anti-frictional roller 24: at its outer extremity. This arm forms a slight angle with the body of the pitman whereby, when the latter is in alinement with the axis of the cylinder, the roller 24: of the lever-arm is just in contact with the disk 17 of the valve. If we assume that the piston-head in any cylinder is at its outward limit of movement, and that the piston is in the axially-aimed position, the valve in the piston-head will be closed, and if the crankshaft 25 of the motor is turning toward the right (see Figs. 3 and 4) or in the direction to start the engine, the extremity 24s of the lever-arm 23 will be thrown away from the disk 17 of the valve, allowing the latter to remain in the closed position (see dotted lines in Fig. 3) until the piston is at its inward limit of movement and the pit-man has reached its opposite position in axial alineinent withthe cylinder. As soon as this occurs, the roller extremity 24: of the arm 23 will be in position to begin opening the valve 13, and as the pitman continues its movement in the direction of arrows at in Figs. 3 and 4, the roller 24 will act on the disk 17 to open the valve, whereby the latter will be wide open by the time the pitman reaches the fullline position in Fig. 3, and the valve will be lrept open until the piston reaches its outward limit of movement in order to allow the air to exhaust from the cylinder into the chamber 26 of the crankcase 27 whence it eXhausts through an outlet 28 communicating with the atmosphere. From this it will. be understood that when the motor is used for engine-starting purposes, the air will enter each cylinder its outer extremity and act on its piston-head to move the latter inwardly to its inward limit of movement and as soon as the piston-head. begins its outward stroke, the roller extremity of the arm 23 oi the pitman will act upon he valve 13 to open the latter and allow the air to exha-ust, the piston-heads in the several cylinders being so arranged that one of the heads will at all times moved inwardly, therefore acting directly to rotate the motorshaft 25.

The top of the motor beyond the cylinders equipped with a cylindrical. valve-casing 29 in which. is located a rotary valve 30,

whose axis is disposed at right angles to the axes of the cylinders. This valve is provided with cone-shaped bearing parts 31, 32 and 33, between which, cavities 34 and 35 are interposed to reduce the bearing surface of the valve. The beveled portions of the valve engage seats of corresponding shape formed on the inner wall of the valve-casing. As the beveled portions of the valve are all correspondingly inclined, it is practicable to arrange the valve so as to automatically compensate for wear upon its bearing parts, and this is accomplished by locating a tension spring 36 n a cavity 37 at one extremity of the valve, a plunger 38 being also located in thesaid cavity and acted on by a screw 39 threaded in one extremity of the valve-casing and adjustable to regulate the tension of the spring 36 by the movement of the screw toward or away from the plunger 38.

Surrounding the hollow stem 40 of the valve is a steel collar 41, between which and a collar 42, fast on the framework oi the motor, are interposed bearing-balls 4:3 to reduce the friction on, the rotary valve, the latter being actuated by a flexible device 44}. leading from a wheel on the motor-shaft 25 to a similar wheel with which the stem of the rotary valve is equipped. This valve is provided with ports l5 suitably spaced circumferentially, and all communicating with a longitudinal cavity 46 formed in the valve and openel at one extremity as shown at. 4:7 to communicate with a chamber 48, the latter being in communication, through a port 49, with an air-pipe 50 which is in communication with a tank 51 containing air under pressure. Within this pipe 50 is located a valve 52 normally spring-held in the closed position, the valverbeing equipped with a crank-arm 53 which is connected by means of a sprin 54 with a stationary bracket 55. When it is desiredto admit air under pressure to the longitudinal cavity d6 of the rotary valve, the valve 52 isimannally opened through the medium of a rod 56 leading from the arm of the valve to an arm 57 of a lever 58, the opposite arm 59 of the lever having a hand-piece 60 witlr in convenient reach of the person in charge of the machine, the lever being normally held in a position corresponding with the closed position of the valve by means of a spring 61.

The valve-casing is provide-n with passages G2 which register with passages 63 formed in. the outer extremities oil the cylinders, the two passages 62 and 63 corre spending in. location with that of the several cylinders, being respectively in register with the several ports 45 of the rotary valve during a portion or" each revolution of the valve, the ports 45 being circumferentially spaced as heretofore explained to se lilticure harmonious action or" the several )iston heads as they cooperate under the in uence of the air pressure to rotate the motor crank-shaft- '25.

Referring now to the use of the motor in connection with an engine 04 on a vehicle (35, the engine-shaft 66 is equipped with a gear 07, suitably located to mesh with a gear 68 splined on the motor shaft 25 and adapted to be moved into engagement with the gear 67 through the medium of two levers 69 and 70, and aconnecting rod 71. The lever (59 is fulcrumed on the frame-work of the machine as shown at 72, and engages in operative relation a circumferential groove 73 formed in the hub 74 of the gear 68. One extremity of this lever is connected as shown at 7 5 with one end of the rod 71, while the opposite end of the said rod is connected as shown at 76 with one arm of the lever 70, the opposite arm of the lever being equipped with a hand-piece 77 conveniently accessible to the chaufi'eur. If we assume that the motor is in operation and that the crank-shaft is turning in the direction of the arrows A in Figs. 3 and 4, if the gear 68 be thrown into mesh with the gear 67 the engine-shaft will be turned for starting purposes, and as soon as the engine is started the gear 68 will be disconnected from the gear 67 and the air may be cut off from the motor by closing the valve 52. Now if it is desired to charge the tank 51 with compressed air, a gear 78 normally loose on a shaft 79 of the engine.

is thrown into engagement with av cone 80 fast on the said shaft whereby the gear will be rotated by friction, the gear 78 being so multaneously thrown into mesh with a gear 81 on the crank-shaft of the motor. The

shaft 79, which is the magneto-shaft of the engine, serves as a sort of counter-shaft interposed between the engine-shaft and the motor-shaft, the engine-shaft being connected in operative relation with the shaft 79 by gears 82 and The gear '78 is manipulated by means of a rod 84 leading from a yoke 85 to a lever 86 fulcrumed on a shaft 87. The yoke 85 is fulcrumed on a bracket 88 so that as the lever 86 is properly manipulated, the gear 78 will be shifted to frictionally lock it on the shaft 79 and simultaneously throw it into. mesh with the gear 81 of the motor. This will set the motor in operation so that its crank-shaft 25 will be rotated in a direction reverse of that indicated by the arrows A in Figs. 3 and 4, and in this event the :alves 13 of the several piston-heads will remain open during the inward movement of the said heads to allow the air to enter the outer extremities of the cylinders from the crank-case which is open to the atmosphere through outlets 28, as heretofore explained. Then, as each piston-head begins its upward movement, the valve is closed and the piston-head forces the air out of the cylinder. the parts 45 of the rotary valve being properly arranged for this purpose in each instance, the air being forced from the cylinders through the rotary valve and the conduit 50 into the air-tank 51, a by-pass 89 being connected with the conduit 50 and ex tending around the normally closed valve 52, a check-valve 90 being located in this by-pass to allow the air to pass to the tank 51 but preventing its return.

In order to properly and auton'iatically lubricate the rotary valve, a pump 91 is employed, the same consisting of a plunger 92 reciprocated from an eccentric 93 connected with the plunger as shown at 94, an arm 95 leading from the strap 96 of the eccentric for the purpose, the eccentric being mounted on the motor crank-shaft The plunger 92 works in a small chamber 97 in communication with the'oil 98 of the crank-case by means of a short pipe 99 having a checkvalve 100 opening inwardly to allow oil to enter the chamber 97 as the plunger moves inwardly, the said oil being forced through a pipe 101 having an outwardly-opening check-valve 102 at the outer extremity thereof, whence the oil in the conduit 10? from which it leads to a branch pipe 104, passes, the latter in turn having short branches 105 which lead to the cavities 3i and 35 surrounding the rotary valve. The oil introduced to these cavities is under sufiicient pressure to cause it to work in between the bearing surfaces of the valve 30 and its casing 29, or into engagement with the bearing-parts 3], 32 and 33 of the valve. When the cavities 34 and 35 are full and the pump continues its operation, the pressure of the oil within the pipe 103 will be sufiicient to open a normally closed chock-valve 106 located at the upper extremity of the pipe 103. This check valve is provided with a screw-cap 107 which may be adjusted to regulate the pressure at which the valve will open. hen this valve opens, the oil escapes and is thrown over the flexible device or chain 4} and thoroughly lubricates the parts in connection therewith. The oil is also brought into communication with the ball-bearings 43 between the valve and its casing.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1 pea-me engage said bearings, said valve piece being I In tesfimonv whereof I aifix my signature hollow throughout a pogtion 0; its 1iengish in presence 0 two witnesses.

and havin ports eXte-n ing t roug said cone shap d port-ions into the hollow in- I CHARLLS FRANK BUCKLAND' terior of the valve piece, said hollow in- Witnesses: terior being in communication with a fluid A. J. OBRIEN, pipe. A. E. ADAMS.

@Gpieu of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commismiouar of Mibomfm. Washington, m. Q." 

